Questions Industrial Revolution
Guided Reading
1 How did the economy of Europe change during the
industrial revolution? The economy was based on manufactured goods
like iron and cotton not on farming anymore. The economy of Europe
became much more profitable and Great Britain became a powerhouse of
profit.
2 What other changes occurred during the
Industrial Revolution? There are many changes during the Industrial
Revolution the biggest change was the way people lived. Before the
Industrial Revolution most people chose to live on farms or in
cottages in the countryside of Europe. After the Industrial Revolution
because farming had become so difficult because of the enclosure acts
people moved into the cities and began to work in factories. The
conditions in the factories were horrible with many people working
night and day just to make ends meet. Women and children worked read
alongside men in these horrible conditions..
3 Why did the Industrial Revolution began in
Great Britain? It began in Great Britain because of changed
agricultural practices. Farmland expanded, there was good weather,
improved transportation, and new crops increase the food supply,
Britain had a ready supply of money to invest in machines and
factories, Britain had a lot of natural resources and a large supply
of markets gave British manufactures a ready outlet for their goods..
4 What industry did it begin in? Why? The
enclosure acts change the way people farmed and larger farms became
the norm in Britain. The first industry after farming that exploded
was the production of cotton to make cheap material. There was a
growing demand in the world for cotton cloth and Britain had the ships
that could transport goods quickly around their vast empire.
5 Explain the term cottage industry:
a cottage industry is where you make and create something like
weaving cloth inside your home or your cottage. It is a production
method where individuals made something small and then sold it.
6 What technological changes resulted from the
Industrial Revolution? There were new inventions sped up industries.
In cotton the flying shuttle, the spinning Jenny and the water powered
loom made making inexpensive cotton faster. In the ion industry higher
quality iron was used to build new machines and trains. More efficient
railroads and trains that ran on top of the rails created better
railroads.
7 How did the factory system change the lives of
workers? Factories suck the life out of workers by creating filthy
conditions working long hours. Workers moved to cities to work in
factories causing overcrowding and filthy conditions with too much
growth. Factory work required long hours under hard conditions and
there was large-scale child labor. Women and children made a lot less
money. The work was boring because they did one small task over and
over.
8 How did government encourage the development of
industry? Governments encouraged industrialization by providing funds
to build roads canals and railroads. The government did very little to
make factory owners responsible for the care of their workers or the
safety of their factories.
9 What was the impact of the industrial
revolution in the United States? The Industrial Revolution in the
United States also cause people to move from the country to the
cities. Before the Industrial Revolution six out of every seven
Americans were farmers and no city had more than 100,000 people. After
the Industrial Revolution there were nine cities that had over 100,000
people and only 50% of American workers were farmers.
10 What factors caused the European population to
double between 1750 in 1850? The population doubled and the reasons
included lower death rates, better health and nutrition in the
population and because the people were well fed there were more
resistant to diseases.
11 Explain why Ireland's population decline
during the 19th century? Almost 1,000,000 people died during the Irish
potato famine. Poverty led another million to move to America. Many
other people moved looking for work to cities away from Ireland.
12 Which people made up the industrial middle
class and what qualities did they have? The new industrial middle
class was made up of people who built factories, bought machines and
developed markets. They all had initiative, vision, ambition and
greed.
13 How did the factory act of 1833 improve the
working conditions for children? The factory act of 1833 meant that
child labor was now limited. Children could now work limited hours and
they perform low-paying jobs that could be done in the home with the
women and only work reduced hours inside a factory.
14 What is socialism and what is its goal?
Socialism is generally a type of government that controls some
production and industry and then distributes the wealth more equally
to everybody so everyone's needs could be met.
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