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What is the principle of legitimacy? The
lawful monarchs from the royal families who had ruled before Napoleon
would be restored to their positions of power. Austrian Prince Klemons
von Metternich was the most influential leader at the meeting
at the Congress of Vienna in September 1814 they came up with
this plan because they believed it would ensure peace and stability in
Europe.
Describe the Congress of Vienna scheme of balance of power throughout
Europe
The great powers rearranged territories in Europe leaving that this
would form a new balance of power. The powers at Vienna wanted to keep
any one country from dominating Europe. This meant balancing political
and military forces that guaranteed the independent of the great
powers. To balance Russia for example new territories were given to
Prussia and Austria.
What is conservatism and what
did he hope to do? Conservatism is based on tradition and a belief
system and the value of social stability. Most conservatives favored
obedience to political authority. They believed that organized
religion was crucial to keep order in society. Conservatives hated
revolutions and were unwilling to accept demands from people who
wanted individual rights or representative governments.
What is the principle of intervention? The great powers have the
right to send armies into countries where there were revolutions in
order to restore legitimate monarchs to their thrones. Britain
disagreed that other countries like Spain and Italy forces were used
their to crush revolutions and restore monarchs to their thrones.
What is liberalism? Summarize the philosophy. Liberalism is the
political philosophy that grew out of the Enlightenment. Liberalism
held that people should be as free as possible from government
restraint. Liberals had a common set of political beliefs. Chief among
them was protection of civil liberties or the basic rights of all
people. These liberties included equality before the law, freedom of
assembly, speech, and the press. Liberals believe these freedom should
be guaranteed by a written document like the American Bill of Rights.
Describe nationalism and its relationship to liberalism
nationalism was more powerful force for change than liberalism.
Nationalism arose when people began to identify themselves as part of
a community defined by a language common institutions and customs.
This community is called a nation. Earlier people were loyal to attain
now people were loyal to their nation. Most liberals believed that
freedom could only be possible in people who ruled themselves each
group of people should have its own state and new state should attempt
to dominate another state the association with liberalism meant that
nationalism had a wider scope.
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